Medical Degree Program in China - Gastroenterology
1. Introduction
Gastrointestinal disease, intestinal mucosal inflammation and gastric mucosal inflammation, triggered by a variety of factors, patients suffering from the disease will have a variety of symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and so on, also may have severe symptoms such as fever, dehydration. Patients should be treated as soon as possible.
2. Types of Gastrointestinal Diseases
Chronic enteritis, colitis, chronic gastritis (superficial, erosive, atrophic, reflux), antral gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric bleeding, perforation of the stomach, duodenal ulcer
3. Clinical Manifestations
Gastrointestinal diseases have a variety of clinical manifestations, such as abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, pantothenic acid, belching, a sense of fullness after a meal, sense of oppression, hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, stomach, stomach block, stomach bloating, stomach cold, stomach heat, stomach cramps, anorexia, indigestion, diarrhea, constipation, borborygmus, pus and blood stool, loose stool, mucus stool, tarry stool, frequent stool all belong to the category of gastrointestinal disease. In individuals can have a variety of different performance.
4. Examination of Acute Gastritis
(1) Peripheral white blood cells and neutrophilia increase in the blood routine examination.
(2) Fecal occult blood test in patients with bleeding, fecal occult blood test is positive.
(3) X-ray examination shows the lesions mucosa being rough, local tenderness, or signs of irritation.
(4) Endoscopy, endoscopic examination with the most diagnostic significance, acute gastritis shows gastric mucosa localized or diffuse hyperemia, edema, exudation, mucous plaque or erosion point under the gastroscopy, mainly hemorrhage, so the gastric juice is bright red or brown. The whole stomach shows a large amount of erosion surface of the stress acute gastritis, but mainly the gastric fundus and sinus . Most lesions disappear within a few days. The acute period of corrosive gastritis and purulent inflammation should not carry out endoscopic examination.
5. Etiology
The fundamental cause of gastrointestinal diseases is the imbalance of the body protection mechanism and damage mechanism. Bacteria biofilm barrier composed by probiotics is destroyed and harmful bacteria and the secretion of toxin invade stomach mucosa. At the same time, the traditional drugs can kill harmful bacteria in the stomach, but also kill the beneficial bacteria the stomach needs. Although symptoms are relieved, inflammation is eliminated, but the reduced beneficial bacteria make the gastrointestinal immune lower, it is easy to be reinfected once withdrawal. Lots of reasons can cause stomach disease, including heredity, environment, diet, drugs, bacterial infections, and other and smoking, excessive drinking. Medically it is referred to as "double infection", gradually evolved into a chronic gastrointestinal disease.
6. Check
(1).13C breath test
(2) The serum anti HP antibody assay.
(3) X ray examination
(4) Digestive endoscopy
(5) Capsule endoscopy
(6) Analysis of gastric juice
(7) Electrogastrographic
7. Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made according to the cause, clinical manifestation and laboratory examination. Pay special attention to the following symptoms:
(1). Middle and upper abdominal pain, abdominal distension and regurgitation was aggravated, pain is irregular, the attack cycle is shorter and shorter.
(2). The retrosternal heart pain, pain being radiating, constant increase of conventional drug dosage, a long time to ease the pain
(3). The loss of appetite, eating less, often nausea and vomiting, weight loss, thin, fatigue, anemia
(4). Heavy abdominal, irregular defecation, unexplained diarrhea, loose stool, most being mucus or liquid stools, defecation with slight pain.
(5). Diarrhea and constipation alternately, black stool, common antibiotic diarrhea is invalid, it is difficult to control, with low or moderate fever.
8. Treatment
(1) Daily life
(2) Symptomatic treatment
