Science Degree Program in China - Hydrobiology

1. Introduction

Hydrobiology is the subject that studies the morphology, classification and ecology of plants and animals living in the water to illustrate the rules of their life activities. It is also a comprehensive subject that studies the species, composition, succession, and the law of life activities of aquatic organisms and their relationship with the environment. Hydrobiology belongs to the category of ecology, has close relationship with limnology, marine science, fishery economy and water environment protection and other disciplines. The study results of hydrobiology and accumulated documents provide scientific basis for the above disciplines, and some of the problems raised by these disciplines and research methods also promote the progress of hydrobiology.

2. Aquatic Organisms

Aquatic organisms are the general name of the organisms living in various water bodies. A wide variety of aquatic organisms, there are a variety of micro-organisms, algae and aquatic plants, a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates. The way of life is also varied, with floating, swimming, sessile and planktonic, burrowing etc.. Some are suitable for fresh water, while others are suitable for life in the sea.

Despite aquatic organisms have a great variety, according to the function division, containing autotrophs (all kinds of aquatic plants) and heterotrophic organisms (various aquatic organisms) and decomposition are (all aquatic microorganisms). Different functions of biological populations living together, constitute a particular biome, between different biological communities, and the environment and between, interactions, coordination, maintain specific material and energy flow process, plays an important role in the protection of water environment. Aquatic organisms provide protein and industrial raw materials for human beings and it is of great economic value.

3. Water Area

1) The sea

2) Fresh water

4. Tasks

Hydrobiology serves for fisheries production.

1) Research on fish productivity

2) Cultivation of biological bait

3) Control the water quality of fish culture

Hydrobiology environment protection (pollution to organisms)

1) Study on the transformation of pollutants in water ecosystem

2) The biological evaluation of pollution: the pollution degree of the water body is monitored by the different biomass of the pollution and the pollution water.

3) Biological treatment of sewage

5. Aquatic Environment

1) Basic concepts

Water: refers to the earth's surface low-lying catchment.

Waters: a part of a large body of water. Such as the western Pacific waters, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, etc.

Biosphere: the sum of all living things on the earth's surface and the non biological environment of their interactions. Can be divided into three layers: the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere

2) Characteristics of water environment

Water solubility, thermal characteristics of water, water density and buoyancy, water mobility

Division of water environment and its characteristics (taking lakes as an example)

Underwater area: it can be divided into the coastal zone, the sub littoral zone and the deep water zone.

Zone of water layer: can be divided into the coastal area and the middle area of the lake.

3) Ecological group

Ecological groups: refer to the categories that organisms habitat in the environment and the relationship formed between the environment.

4) Plankton

Definition: Floating Life in the pelagic zone, the individual is small, the lack of or only a weak swimming ability of biological.

Category: plankton including phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton usually refers to planktonic algae, not bacteria and other plants. The main types of planktonic algae are: the main categories of the algae are: the door of the blue, the hidden algae, the door of the algae, the door of the golden alga, the door of the yellow algae, the door of the. The main groups of animal are planktonic protozoa, rotifers, cladocerans and copepods.

Plankton adaptation: reducing specific gravity, increasing body resistance, active movement

5) Floating organisms

Creatures that live on the surface of the water, the membrane can use the surface tension of the water living in water or using their own floats on the surface of life.

6) Nekton

With advanced sports organs, exercise ability, reversible forward or a biological long distance migration.

7) Benthic organisms

Refers to a class of organisms living in the water, can be divided into benthic macrophytes and benthic animals, according to the living habits and sub sessile organisms, periphyton, drilling inhibition biological, and buried biological, underwater creeping animals and underwater swimming animals

6. Discipline Development

1) New progress in classification

2) Carry out the investigation of fishery resources in different waters

3) Make achievements in biological food culture and use

4) Protect water body ecological balance and aquatic biological resources