Science Degree Program in China - Marine Meteorology

1. Introduction

Marine Meteorology is the discipline that studies the physical information of marine atmosphere, and interaction rules of ocean and atmosphere. Marine meteorology involves both the atmosphere and the ocean, so it is the field that atmospheric science and marine science commonly study. Due to most of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean, and seawater has different physical and chemical properties from the land, which determines that the ocean plays an important role in the research on marine meteorology.

2. Research Content

1) Observation and experiment of marine meteorology, including the research of the marine meteorological observation method, the development of the marine meteorological observation instrument and the equipment, the local or the large scale sea area marine meteorology investigation and research.

2) Marine weather analysis and forecast. Study maritime weather and weather system and closely related ocean phenomenon, including the mechanism of sea fog, sea ice, sea waves, storm surges, offshore tornado, tropical storm, extratropical cyclone analysis and prediction method.

3) Interaction between ocean and atmosphere. The interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere in marine meteorology, mainly includes various physical quantities of the ocean and the atmosphere, including the process of the transmission and exchange of heat, momentum (or kinetic energy), water, gas and charge and the spatial and temporal variability, observation and theory of the air sea boundary layer and large scale sea - air interaction.

In the scope of large-scale sea - air interaction, the research focuses on the atmospheric circulation and ocean circulation formation and corresponding relation, the west boundary of the ocean (the gulf stream and the Kuroshio) flows to its neighbors in the offshore area of the weather and the influence of weather and climate, tropical ocean on both local and global atmospheric global and climate effects (such as El Nino phenomena), increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and ocean this process of role and the impacts on climate change. In the above areas, the link between the ocean and the atmosphere has been revealed, and a number of research results have been obtained, which is of great value for long-term weather forecasting and climate prediction.

3. Derived Disciplines

1) Navigation meteorology, studies the meteorological problems in navigation, especially the decision of the optimal route and the tracking and navigation, and provides the meteorological service for navigation.

2) Fishery meteorology, studies the meteorological problems in the fishing and breeding of aquatic resources, and to provide meteorological services for the production of fishery.

3) Salt meteorology, studies tidal and meteorological problems related to salt production, like tidal, brine and salt field evaporation deposition, wind and rainfall and so on.

4) Harbor meteorology, studies weather and climate issues in the design and operation of harbor.

4. Observation Modes

Observation mode has two kinds: conventional observation and unconventional observation. The former observes according to the international unified time and content and releases weather reports; the latter includes ocean surveys, sea observation experiments and other non special vessel observations. In conventional observation, the largest number is merchant ship meteorological observation, which has been accumulated for nearly a hundred years.