History Degree Program in China - Preservation Techniques of Cultural Relics

1. Introduction

Preservation Techniques of Cultural Relics is comprehensive professional knowledge, including the production, protection of cultural relics and prevention and control related science and technology, material properties, operating techniques and a variety of survey, detection, etc. In the preservation process, cultural relics go through the destruction of the two factors, namely: 1) the destruction of human. Such as the ancient architecture, grotto temple, ancient tombs were burned by the war, were removed or improper maintenance have lost their original appearance; copper iron, calligraphy and painting, wood lacquer ware, ceramics etc. for protection, improper handling is damaged. 2) Wind, rain, thunder, electricity, fire, earthquake, light, pest, mildew and other natural factors on the destruction of cultural relics.

2. Protection Technology

Cultural relics protection should follow the policy of prevention first and maintenance as supplement. Moisture proof, anti leakage, anti fire, ant lightning, anti earthquake and so on of immovable artefacts mainly rely on engineering technology to solve, while pest and bird proof mainly take combination way of the engineering technology and chemical treatment.

Pollution of atmospheric dust, sulfur dioxide and sulfur compounds on cultural relics exceed the standards prescribed by the state, shall be removed from the pollution source, within the scope of the national standard license should be green environment, reduce pollution, and to strictly control new pollution sources.

Removable cultural relics protection should first pay attention to museum warehouse and display room of moisture-proof, shock proof, mildew and other protective measures, then all kinds of cultural relics of different texture respectively for protection, such as copper and iron rust, anti weathering of brick stone cultural relics, silk paper anti mildew, anti moth, anti aging etc.

3. Repair Technology

The whole crooked wooden buildings should be reinforced after being hit right. Local Damaged components should tick up, then pier. A large component of rotten hollow, use unsaturated polyester resin and other polymer materials in reinforcement, if rotten serious, change according to the original.

4. Detection Technology

Detection technology is mainly used for detecting traces of damaged cultural relics, analysis of chemical composition of texture and determination of the age. Testing commonly uses X-ray and ultrasonic; texture analysis commonly used in electron microscopy, electron microscope observation; cultural relics of the chemical composition of commonly used spectral and mass spectrometry analysis; vague and display contrast and very small ink painting, adopt the method of infrared photography; wood containing carbon material available carbon 14 dating; ceramic tiles and others can use heat release light for determination of the age.

5. Training Objectives

This program aims to train senior comprehensive specialized personnel who can correctly grasp the cultural relics protection necessary for history, math and other subjects basic knowledge, master general cultural science, museum studies, archeology of basic knowledge; correctly grasp the basic theory of technology for the protection of cultural relics, general procedure, methods and steps, rightly finish the actual operation, with the scientific research ability of ordinary cultural relics protection technology, can be engaged in scientific research and practical work of cultural relics protection, as well as professional management aspects of liberal arts, science, engineering crossing.

6. Training Requirements

Cultural relics protection is designed to prevent the destruction of cultural relics for the role of the forces of nature, and cultural relics have various constituent materials, cultural relics protection requires the use of a variety of natural science methods, cultural relics repair personnel must have certain knowledge of history and artistic accomplishment, so cultural relic conservation science is not only interdisciplinary but also comprehensive discipline.

7. Main Courses

Introduction to protection of cultural relics, protection of inorganic matter cultural relics, protection of organic matter cultural relics, introduction to earthen ruins protection, cultural relic protection material, cultural relics material analysis, cultural relics protection and restoration experiment, the protection of ancient buildings, conservation of wall paintings, collections of cultural relics and environment, field archaeology technology, low-temperature technology and application, computer principle and application, management information system, network application foundation, general physics, engineering mechanics, higher mathematics, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, analysis chemistry, China ancient history, general theory of China archaeology, cultural relics conspectus, introduction to museology, etc.

8. Knowledge and Skills

1) Master the basic knowledge of mathematics, physics and chemistry and the general knowledge of historical and cultural relics and archaeology;

2) Master the practical operation skills of application of cultural relics protection materials, materials analysis and cultural relics protection and repair;

3) Have a certain understanding of social sciences, the humanities, the natural sciences;

4) With a strong sense of innovation, creativity and practical ability;

5) With the ability to engage in the study of historical relics and the ability in oral and written expression.

9. Similar Programs

History, world history, archaeology, museology, ethnology, cultural relics protection technology, sociology

10. Employment Direction

The graduates can be engaged in the culture, cultural relics, natural science, environmental protection, construction, public security, customs, tourism and scientific research departments and universities for education, scientific research, design, development, management and other work.