Medical Degree Program in China - Stem Cell Engineering

 1. Introduction

Stem cell engineering is a new cell engineering based on the technology of cell culture. Stem cell engineering is the use of stem cell proliferation characteristics, differentiation, proliferation and differentiation of highly ordered, through in vitro culture stem cells, inducing stem cells to differentiate or using transgenic technology to deal with stem cells to change its characteristics, in order to achieve the use of stem cells for the purpose of serving humans.

2. Stem Cells

Stem cell is a kind of undifferentiated cell or primitive cell, and it is a pluripotent cell with self replication ability. Under certain conditions, stem cells can differentiate into multiple cells in the body; form any kind of tissue and organ, in order to realize the internal construction and self recovery ability of the body.

3. Stem Cells Origin and Classification

According to the developmental stage, stem cells can be divided into Embryonic Stem Cell and Adult Stem Cell. Embryonic stem cells include embryonic stem cell, embryonic germ cell; adult stem cells include neural stem cells (NSC), hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and Epidexmis stem cell. According to the size of their differentiation potential of stem cells, they can be classified into three categories: totipotent stem cell, embryonic stem cell, multipotent stem cells.

Embryonic stem cells can be derived from teratocarcinoma cells (EC), mulberry cells (ES), blastocyst inner cell mass (ES), quasi embryonic cells (ES), genital primordium cells (EG), etc.

4. Characteristics and Functional Properties of Embryonic Stem Cells

Characteristics of Stem Cell Bioengineering

1) With the characteristics of embryonic cells, small volume, big nucleus, obvious nucleolus

2) With the almighty of development, can be differentiated into any tissue cells of adult animals

3) Under the condition of in vitro cultivating, embryonic stem cells can proliferate without differentiation, and can be frozen and preserved, and some genetic modification can be carried out.

Stem cell biological engineering function

The potential to develop into a complete individual

The cryopreservation can carry out genetic transformation

The proliferation is available

5. Study on Application of Stem Cells

Because stem cells have specific differentiation potential, the almighty, pluripotency and specialization, in recent years, scientists around the world have made great progress on the clinical application of stem cells, for example as follows:

Embryonic stem cells breeding cardiac tissue

Bone marrow stem cells breeding renal tissue

Adult stem cells treat myocardial infarction

Umbilical cord blood stem cells

Skin stem cells

Nervous tissue cells

Islet stem cells

6. Stem Cells in Engineering Research

Study Objects

Embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells, amniotic stem cells, amniotic fluid stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, cancer stem cells and spermatogonial stem cells, germ stem cells, osteogenic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, muscle stem cells, neural stem cells, adipose derived stem cells, cardiac stem cells, tracheal stem cells, hepatic stem cells, pancreatic stem cells, gastrointestinal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, corneal stem cells, skin stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, breast cancer stem cells and prostate stem cells and salivary gland stem cells such as stem cells related basic and clinical research, and blood disease of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation related issues

Research Content

Stem cells study academic and technical hot issues of biological characteristics, cultivating and differentiation and induction technique, stem cells and micro environment, stem cells and micro RNA regulation, stem cell factor and correlation factor, stem cell phenotype and identification, stem cell transplantation and immunological tolerance, cell transplantation and gene expression, cell programming and epigenetic, stem cell preservation and quality and stem cells experimental animal model.