Agriculture Degree Program in China - Wetland Science

1. Introduction

Wetland refers to the natural or artificial formed swamp with a piece of shallow water area of stationary or flow of water, but also including the water of which the water depth is not more than 6 meters at the low tide. Wetlands, forests, ocean are said the world's three largest ecosystem, widely distributed throughout the world. There are a large number of animals and plants in the wetland ecosystem, and many wetlands are classified as nature reserves.

Wetland in narrow sense

Junction of land and water, the water level is close to or at the ground surface, or there is shallow water, at least with one or a few of the following characteristics:

(1) At least periodically, the dominant species of aquatic plants were the dominant species;

(2) The bottom soil is mainly wet soil;

(3) At the bottom of the growing season, the bottom is sometimes flooded.

Generalized wetland

In accordance with the broad definition of wetlands covering the earth's surface is only 6%, but provides a living environment for 20% of the earth's known species, has irreplaceable ecological functions, and thus enjoys the "kidney of the earth".

The types of wetlands are various, usually divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural wetlands include marshes, peat bogs, lakes, rivers, beaches and salt marshes and other, artificial wetland mainly in the paddy fields, reservoirs, ponds and other.

2. Classification

Seas, estuaries, rivers, lakes, swamps, artificial water surface

3. Convention Classification

Natural wetland, constructed wetland

4. Wetland System

Composition Elements

Non biological factors: water, soil, climate

Biological factors

1) Producers of wetland ecosystems - wetland plants

2) The consumer of wetland ecosystem - mammals, amphibians and reptiles, as well as a variety of aquatic animals and benthic invertebrates, etc.

3) Decomposers of wetland ecosystem - wetland microorganism

5. Functions

1) Material production

2) Atmospheric component

3) Water control

4) Purification

5) Animal habitat

6) Local microclimate

6. Wetland Restoration

1) Definition of recovery

2) The principle of recovery

3) Recovery method

4) Recovery process

5) Recovery measures

6) Recovery case